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什么是口腔正畸学

2009-03-14 08:22:00海峡名医网admin查看次数：1050

口腔正畸学是口腔科学中的一个重要分支

是研究矫正牙齿的排列不齐

矫正上下牙弓牙合关系的异常

以及牙

颌与颅面关系的不协调

研究错牙合畸形的病因

诊断

预防

矫治的科学

　　在儿童生长发育过程中由于遗传疾病内分泌障碍营养不良功能紊乱口腔不良习惯替牙障碍以及一些其他因素的影响导致的牙颌面畸形如牙齿排列不齐上下牙弓牙合关系的异常颌骨大小形态位置的异常面部畸形等称为错牙合畸形错牙合畸形是在儿童生长发育过程中发生的异常是发育畸形口腔正畸学的主要任务是研究儿童牙合颌颅面的正常生长发育及错牙合畸形的症状病因诊断及防治等内容

　　错牙合畸形的患病率比较高国内城市调查患病率最低为29.33%最高达48.87%以理想正常牙合为标准的调查统计错牙合畸形的发生率为91.20%所以口腔正畸的任务是非常繁重的

　　口腔正畸学不是孤立的它与许多学科有着非常密切的关系

　　①颞下颌关节病发病率很高牙合因素是其发病的重要原因口腔正畸是矫治颞下颌关节紊乱综合征的重要手段

　　② 错牙合畸形造成牙合创伤牙周损害是牙周病的重要病因牙周病的病人正畸治疗也很重要

　　③ 严重骨性牙颌畸形需正颌外科与口腔正畸结合

　　④从胚胎学了解发育异常的机理对于正畸学有很好的指导作用⑤矫治力是矫治错牙合畸形的关键因素生物力学的研究对于正畸有重要意义

　　⑥牙齿移动是口腔正畸中的一个重要生物学过程牙齿移动的方式速度控制因素等与错牙合畸形的矫治有着重要关系⑦材料科学新发展对正畸有极大的促进作用

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什么是口腔正畸学

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